7 Indentation

In Haskell, code indentation has semantic meaning as it defines the block structure. Haskell also supports braces and semicolons notation for conveying the block structure. However, most Haskell programs written by humans use indentation for block structuring.

Haskell Mode ships with two indentation modes:

• haskell-indentation-mode (default).

  This is a semi-intelligent indentation mode doing a decent job at recognizing Haskell syntactical constructs. It is based on a recursive descent Haskell parser. TAB selects the next potential indentation position, S-TAB selects the previous one. If a block is selected you can use TAB to indent the block more and S-TAB to indent the block less.

  When electric-indent-mode is enabled or the variable haskell-indentation-electric-flag is non-nil, the insertion of some characters (by default , ; ) } ]) may trigger auto reindentation under appropriate conditions. See the documentation of haskell-indentation-common-electric-command for more details.

• haskell-indent-mode (optional).

  This is a semi-intelligent indentation mode doing a decent job at recognizing Haskell syntactical constructs. It is based on a decision table. Sadly it is no longer developed and does not recognize newer Haskell syntax. TAB cycles through all available indentation positions.

  To use haskell-indent-mode, add this to your ~/.emacs file:

  (add-hook 'haskell-mode-hook 'turn-on-haskell-indent)
  

  Note that turn-on-haskell-indent will disable haskell-indentation-mode.

For general information about indentation support in GNU Emacs, see (emacs)Indentation.

7.1 Rectangle Commands

GNU Emacs provides so-called rectangle commands which operate on rectangular areas of text, which are particularly useful for languages with a layout rule such as Haskell. See (emacs)Rectangles, to learn more about rectangle commands.

Moreover, CUA mode (see (emacs)CUA Bindings) provides enhanced rectangle support with visible rectangle highlighting. When CUA mode is active, you can initiate a rectangle selection by C-RET and extend it simply by movement commands. You don’t have to enable full CUA mode to benefit from these enhanced rectangle commands; you can activate CUA selection mode (without redefining C-x,C-c,C-v, and C-z) by calling M-x cua-selection-mode (or adding (cua-selection-mode nil) to your haskell-mode-hook).

7.2 Region indent is a no-op

There is a indent-region function that supposedly could be used to indent code region without changing its semantics. Sadly it does not work that way because usual use case for indent-region is:

1. Alter first line of code in region.
2. Call indent-region to fix indentation for remaining lines.

Note that between 1 and 2 program is already semantically broken and knowing how to indent it preserving semantic from before step 1 would require time travel.

To stay on the safe side indent-region-function is bound to a no-op in haskell-mode.